Fierce Crimean War Battle at Kalafat, Ottoman Victory over Russian Forces, 1854

Combat de Kalafat au Village de Tzitzati, Crimean War Battle Scene Lithograph, circa 1854

This powerful 19th-century lithograph titled Combat de Kalafat au Village de Tzitzati (Citate) captures a dramatic moment from the Crimean War, a major conflict fought between 1853 and 1856 involving the Ottoman Empire, Russia, France, and Britain. The scene depicts the intense fighting that occurred near Kalafat, in present-day Romania, between Ottoman and Russian forces. The image is highly detailed and filled with action, showing waves of soldiers engaged in brutal combat with cavalry, artillery, and foot soldiers filling the field of battle.

Drawn by H. Rousseau and published by J. Rémusat in Paris and Gambart & Co. in London, the lithograph was part of a series of Crimean War battle scenes designed to document and commemorate key victories and heroic engagements. The French caption beneath the image provides a detailed report of the encounter, noting that over 4,000 Russian soldiers were killed, including a general, four colonels, and numerous officers. The Ottoman side, commanded by Omer Pasha and Mustapha Pasha, also suffered losses, but held the field and achieved a significant tactical victory. Several Ottoman officers were among the fallen, including a colonel and battalion commanders.

Rendered in monochrome tones with rich shading and atmospheric effects, the print captures both the chaos and the structure of battle. Smoke billows from the cannon lines, wounded soldiers lie across the battlefield, and lines of infantry advance in disciplined ranks while officers lead the charge. The composition is both artistic and documentary, intended to inform and to stir patriotic pride.

This lithograph reflects the Romantic visual tradition of 19th-century military art, where even contemporary wars were portrayed with grandeur and theatrical scale. It would have been of great interest to the European public at the time, offering a rare visual glimpse into distant and significant campaigns.

Condition report:

The lithograph is in good condition. The image area is crisp and clean, with strong contrast and fine detail. There is light foxing in the margins, particularly toward the upper edge. The paper is full, untrimmed, and structurally sound.

Framing suggestions:

A dark wooden or bronze-toned frame will complement the somber tones of the battlefield. A wide, neutral mat in ivory or pale grey will draw the viewer’s attention into the action while preserving balance around the scene. Use UV-protective glass to guard against fading and discoloration. This piece is ideal for collectors of military history, 19th-century European art, or original lithographs related to the Crimean War.